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Learn XHTML
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  XHTML and TAGS  




XHTML is the next generation of HTML, and today almost all the browsers are compatible to xhtml .

XHTML is not very different from HTML 4.01, so bringing your code up to 4.01 standards is a good solution .

In addition, you should start NOW to write your HTML code in lowercase letters, and NEVER make the bad habit of skipping end tags like the .

  Most Important differences:-  


  • XHTML elements must be properly nested
  • XHTML documents must be well-formed
  • Tag names must be in lowercase
  • All XHTML elements must be closed



Elements Must Be Properly Nested

In HTML some elements can be improperly nested within each other like this: <b> <i> Bold and italic text </b> </i>


In XHTML all elements must be properly nested within each other like this: <b> <i> Bold and italic text </i> </b>

A common mistake in nested lists, is to forget that the inside list must be within a li element, like :
<ul>
<li> sugar </li>
<li> Salt
<ul>
<li> Iodised Salt </li>
<li> Free flow Salt </li> </ul>
</ul>


Documents Must Be Well-formed

All XHTML elements must be nested within the <html> root element. All other elements can have sub (children) elements. Sub elements must be in pairs and correctly nested within their parent element. The basic document structure is:
<html>
<head> ... </head>
<body> ... </body> </html>

Other tags like META , title and others have their own different positions and if used should be placed at correct location .


Tag Names Must Be In Lower Case

This is because XHTML documents are XML applications. XML is case-sensitive. Tags like
and

are interpreted as different tags.


This is wrong:



This is a paragraph





This is correct:


This is a paragraph





All XHTML Elements Must Be Closed

Non-empty elements must have an end tag.

This is wrong:

This is a paragraph

This is another paragraph


This is correct:

This is a paragraph


This is another paragraph

Empty Elements Must Also Be Closed

Empty elements must either have an end tag or the start tag must end with />. This is wrong:
This is a Line break

This is a horizontal rule:

This is an image ok button


This is correct:
This is a horizontal rule:

This is an image ok button


There are afew other compatibility issues that you should consider . Like you will have to add extra space at times in tags to make them XHTML . Like BR tag above .